Chiyambi cha Common Microbial Culture Media (I)

Chiyambi cha Common Microbial Culture Media (I)

Sing'anga yachikhalidwe ndi mtundu wa matrix osakanikirana a michere okonzedwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa za kukula kwa tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pachikhalidwe kapena kulekanitsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tosiyanasiyana.Chifukwa chake, matrix a michere ayenera kukhala ndi michere (kuphatikiza gwero la kaboni, gwero la nayitrogeni, mphamvu, mchere wa inorganic, zinthu zakukulira) ndi madzi omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi tizilombo.Kutengera ndi mtundu wa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono komanso cholinga cha kuyesera, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi njira zokonzekera za media media.

Zina mwazachikhalidwe zodziwika bwino pakuyesa zimayambitsidwa motere:

Nutritional agar medium:

Minofu ya agar medium imagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa ndi chikhalidwe cha mabakiteriya wamba, pofuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mabakiteriya, kusunga mitundu ya mabakiteriya komanso chikhalidwe choyera.Zosakaniza zazikuluzikulu ndizo: ng'ombe ya ng'ombe, yisiti ya yisiti, peptone, sodium chloride, ufa wa agar, madzi osungunuka.Peptone ndi ufa wa ng'ombe umapereka nayitrogeni, vitamini, amino acid ndi magwero a kaboni, sodium chloride imatha kukhalabe ndi mphamvu ya osmotic, ndipo agar ndiye coagulant wa sing'anga ya chikhalidwe.

Nutritional agar ndiye mtundu wofunikira kwambiri wa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, chomwe chimakhala ndi michere yambiri yofunikira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizikula.Nutritional agar ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chikhalidwe cha mabakiteriya wamba.

Blood agar medium:

Blood agar medium ndi mtundu wa ng'ombe yotulutsa peptone medium yomwe imakhala ndi magazi anyama odetsedwa (nthawi zambiri magazi a akalulu kapena magazi a nkhosa).Chifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pazakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimafunikira pakukulitsa mabakiteriya, zimatha kuperekanso coenzyme (monga factor V), heme (factor X) ndi zinthu zina zapadera zakukula.Chifukwa chake, sing'anga yachikhalidwe chamagazi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulima, kudzipatula ndikusunga ma virus ena omwe amafunikira zakudya.

Kuphatikiza apo, magazi a agar nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa hemolysis.Panthawi ya kukula, mabakiteriya ena amatha kupanga hemolysin kuti athyole ndi kusungunula maselo ofiira a magazi.Akamakula pa mbale yamagazi, mphete zowoneka bwino kapena zowoneka bwino za hemolytic zimatha kuwonedwa mozungulira koloni.The pathogenicity ambiri mabakiteriya okhudzana ndi hemolytic makhalidwe.Chifukwa hemolysin yopangidwa ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana ndi yosiyana, mphamvu ya hemolytic imakhalanso yosiyana, komanso chodabwitsa cha hemolysis pa mbale yamagazi ndi chosiyana.Chifukwa chake, kuyesa kwa hemolysis nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira mabakiteriya.

TCBS medium:

TCBS ndi thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose agar medium.Kwa kusankha kudzipatula kwa pathogenic vibrio.Peptone ndi yisiti Tingafinye ntchito monga zofunika zakudya mu sing'anga chikhalidwe kupereka nayitrogeni gwero, mpweya gwero, mavitamini ndi zinthu zina kukula zofunika kuti mabakiteriya kukula;The apamwamba ndende ya sodium kolorayidi akhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa halophilic kukula vibrio;Sucrose ngati gwero la carbon fermentable;Sodium citrate, high pH alkaline chilengedwe ndi sodium thiosulfate amalepheretsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya a m'mimba.Ng'ombe bile ufa ndi sodium thiosulfate makamaka amalepheretsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi gramu.Kuphatikiza apo, sodium thiosulfate imaperekanso gwero la sulfure.Pamaso pa ferric citrate, hydrogen sulfide imatha kuzindikirika ndi mabakiteriya.Ngati pali mabakiteriya otulutsa hydrogen sulfide, matope akuda amapangidwa pa mbale;Zizindikiro za sing'anga ya TCBS ndi bromocresol blue ndi thymol blue, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za acid.Bromocresol blue ndi chizindikiro cha acid-base chomwe chili ndi kusintha kwa pH kwa 3.8 (yellow) mpaka 5.4 (blue-green).Pali mitundu iwiri yosinthika: (1) mtundu wa asidi ndi pH 1.2 ~ 2.8, kusintha kuchokera kuchikasu kupita kufiira;(2) Mtundu wa alkali ndi pH 8.0 ~ 9.6, kusintha kuchokera kuchikasu kupita ku buluu.

TSA tchizi soya peptone agar medium:

Kapangidwe ka TSA ndi kofanana ndi kadyedwe ka agar.Padziko lonse lapansi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyesa mabakiteriya okhazikika m'zipinda zoyera (malo) amakampani opanga mankhwala.Sankhani malo oyesera m'deralo kuti muyesedwe, tsegulani mbale ya TSA ndikuyiyika pamalo oyesera.Zitsanzo zimayenera kutengedwa zikawululidwa pamlengalenga kwa mphindi zopitilira 30 kwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana, kenako ndikutsatiridwa kuti ziwerengedwe.Miyezo yaukhondo yosiyana imafuna kuchuluka kwa magulu osiyanasiyana.

Mueller Hinton agar:

MH sing'anga ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timene timagwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira kukana kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.Ndi njira yosasankha yomwe ma microorganisms ambiri amatha kumera.Komanso, wowuma mu zosakaniza akhoza kuyamwa poizoni anamasulidwa ndi mabakiteriya, kotero izo sizidzakhudza zotsatira za ntchito mankhwala.Mapangidwe a MH sing'anga ndi otayirira, omwe amathandizira kufalikira kwa maantibayotiki, kuti athe kuwonetsa zone yolepheretsa kukula.M'makampani azaumoyo ku China, sing'anga ya MH imagwiritsidwanso ntchito poyesa kukhudzidwa kwa mankhwala.Poyesa kukhudzidwa kwa mankhwala kwa mabakiteriya ena apadera, monga Streptococcus pneumoniae, 5% magazi a nkhosa ndi NAD akhoza kuwonjezeredwa pakatikati kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za zakudya.

SS gawo:

SS agar nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha kudzipatula komanso chikhalidwe cha Salmonella ndi Shigella.Imalepheretsa mabakiteriya omwe ali ndi gramu, ma coliforms ambiri ndi proteus, koma samakhudza kukula kwa salmonella;Sodium thiosulfate ndi ferric citrate amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire kubadwa kwa hydrogen sulfide, kupangitsa kuti koloni ikhale yakuda;Kufiira kosalowerera ndale ndi chizindikiro cha pH.Mtundu wa asidi womwe umatulutsa shuga wowiritsa ndi wofiyira, ndipo shuga wambiri wosawira amakhala wopanda mtundu.Salmonella ndi malo opanda mtundu komanso owoneka bwino omwe ali ndi pakati kapena opanda wakuda, ndipo Shigella ndi koloni yopanda mtundu komanso yowonekera.