Ma enzyme angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa PCR

Polymerase chain reaction, yofupikitsidwa ngatiPCRm'Chingerezi, ndi njira yopangira ma molekyulu a biology yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukulitsa tizidutswa ta DNA.Zitha kuonedwa ngati DNA yapadera yofananitsa kunja kwa thupi, yomwe ingawonjezere kwambiri DNA yochepa kwambiri.Pa nthawi yonseyiPCRkachitidwe kachitidwe, gulu limodzi la zinthu limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri - ma enzyme.

1. Taq DNA

Muzoyesera m'masiku oyambirira aPCR, asayansi anagwiritsa ntchito Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I, Koma pali vuto ndi puloteni iyi: imayenera kubwezeretsanso puloteni yatsopano nthawi iliyonse yomwe ikuzungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masitepe a opareshoni akhale ovuta pang'ono ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuzikulitsa.Vutoli linathetsedwa asayansi atapatula mwangozi Taq DNA polymerase kuchokera ku Thermus aquaticus mu 1988.Kupezeka kwa enzymeyi kumapangansoPCRteknoloji ndi teknoloji yabwino, yothandiza komanso yapadziko lonse.Pakadali pano, Taq DNA polymerase ndiye polymerase yodziwika kwambiri mu zida za DNA.

2. PfuDNA

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, Taq DNase ili ndi cholakwika chachikulu, kotero asayansi asintha Taq DNA polymerase pamlingo wakutiwakuti kuti apewe kukulitsa kosagwirizana chifukwa cha kusagwirizana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zotsatira zolakwika.Koma kusinthidwa kwa Taq DNA polymerase kumatha kulepheretsa ntchito ya DNA polymerase kutentha.PfuDNA polymerase imatha kupanga zovuta zomwe tazitchulazi za Taq DNA polymerase, kuti machitidwe a PCR azitha kuchitidwa moyenera, komanso kuti chipambano cha kukulitsa kwa jini chikhale bwino.

3. Reverse Transcriptase

Reverse transcriptase inapezedwa mu 1970. Enzyme iyi imagwiritsa ntchito RNA monga template, dNTP monga gawo lapansi, imatsatira mfundo ya pairing yoyambira, ndipo imapanga DNA single strand complementary ku RNA template mu 5'-3' malangizo.Reverse transcriptase makamaka imadalira DNA polymerase zochita kuchokera ku DNA kapena RNA templates choncho alibe 3'-5′ exonuclease ntchito.Komabe, ili ndi zochita za RNase H, zomwe zimalepheretsa kutalika kwa reverse transcriptase kumlingo wina.Chifukwa cha kukhulupirika kochepa komanso kutentha kwa wild reverse transcriptase, asayansi adasinthanso.

ZaPCRzoyesera, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi: chubu la PCR, 4/8-strip PCR chubu, mbale za PCR.

Labio'sZithunzi za PCRkhalani ndi zotsatiraziubwino:

Zithunzi za PCR: Broad matenthedwe cycler kugwirizanitsa;Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu, kuzindikirika bwino bwino;kuwala kwa fluorescence; zabwinokutengerapo kutentha;DNase yotsimikizika, RNase, DNA, PCR inhibitors, komanso yoyesedwa yopanda pyrogen.

Machubu a PCR payekha: Evaporation-resistant;zabwinokutengerapo kutentha;kumveka bwino kwa kuwala; DNase Yotsimikizika, RNase, DNA, PCR inhibitors, komanso yoyesedwa yopanda pyrogen.

4/8-mikwingwirima machubu a PCR: Makoma owonda kwambiri;kumveka bwino;nyezimira yabwino ya fulorosenti;angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala, mafakitale azakudya, ndi biology ya maselo; zapamwamba, zida za PP za namwali; DNase Yotsimikizika, RNase, DNA, PCR inhibitors, ndi zoyeserera zopanda pyrogen.